Formulas
Hyperfocal distance H = f² ÷ (N × c) + f, where f is the focal length, N the f-number and c the circle of confusion of the sensor.
Near limit = s × (H − f) ÷ (H + s − 2f); far limit = s × (H − f) ÷ (H − s). When the subject is at or beyond H, the far limit is infinity.
Example
A 50 mm lens at f/2.8, focused at 10 ft on a full-frame camera, is sharp from 9.08 to 11.12 ft: a depth of field of 2.04 ft. The hyperfocal distance is 97.81 ft.
How to get more or less in focus
- Blurry background (portraits): open the aperture (f/1.8, f/2.8), get closer, use a longer lens.
- Everything sharp (landscapes): close the aperture (f/8 to f/11) and focus near the hyperfocal distance.
See how the sensor size changes the look with the crop factor calculator.
Frequently asked questions
What is the circle of confusion?
The largest blur spot that still looks like a point in a normal print. It depends on the sensor size: about 0.03 mm for full frame.
Is there more sharpness in front of or behind the subject?
Usually behind. At close distances it gets close to half and half.
See also
Results are estimates for information only and are not financial, legal or medical advice. Rates, taxes and fees vary — confirm with a professional or your lender.